Cooling support cushion and related methods

ABSTRACT

A cooling support cushion and method of forming same is provided. In particular, the present cooling support cushions and methods of producing the same make use of a plurality of surface coatings to a base layer to provide an extended cooling effect. The surface coating may be mixed and applied or may be applied as separated layers.

CLAIM TO PRIORITY

This PCT patent application claims priority to and benefit of, under 35U.S.C. § 119(e), U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No.62/503,058, filed May 8, 2017 and titled “Cooling Support Cushion andRelated Methods”, all of which is incorporated by reference herein.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present embodiments relate to cooling support cushions and methodsof producing the same. In particular, the present embodiments relate tocooling support cushions and methods of producing the same that make useof a surface coating to provide an extended cooling effect.

BACKGROUND

The effectiveness and desirability of a support cushion is partly afunction of how comfortable a user is on the support cushion over anextended period of time. In this regard, many users find supportcushions, and in particular mattresses, which are made of a viscoelasticfoam to be uncomfortably warm after an extended period of time. Onesolution to this problem is the inclusion of phase change materials thatabsorb heat as they change from a solid to a liquid phase, i.e., melt.These phase change materials, however, typically only cool for a shortspan of time. Additionally, application of these phase change materialsmay involves multiple steps, which can increase cost.

Accordingly, there remains a need in the art for a support cushion thatprovides an extended cooling experience, and an efficient method forforming such support cushions.

SUMMARY

The present embodiments include cooling support cushions and methods ofproducing the same. In particular, the present embodiments includecooling support cushions and methods of producing the same that make useof a plurality of surface coatings to provide an extended coolingeffect.

In some embodiments, a support cushion is provided that includes a baselayer having a lower surface and an upper surface, and a surface coatingpositioned atop the upper surface of the base layer. The surface coatingincludes a phase change material (such as for non-limiting example phasechange slurry) and a gel, is configured to allow an amount of air toflow through the base layer and the plurality of surface coatings, andis further configured to provide a cooling effect. In one embodiment,the base layer is a flexible foam. In another embodiment, the surfacecoating includes, by weight, 80-90% phase change material (or phasechange slurry) and 10-20% gel. In another further embodiment, the phasechange slurry includes the composition shown in Table B. Additionally oralternatively, the gel is a 2K polyurethane gel, such as the 2Kpolyurethane gel having the composition shown in Table C.

In some embodiments, the surface coating has a thickness of less thanabout 5 mm In one embodiment, the phase change material is configured toundergo a phase change at a temperature of about 20° C. to about 36° C.

In some embodiments, a method of producing a support cushion includesthe steps of providing a base layer having a lower surface and an uppersurface, providing a phase change material (for example slurry) and agel, mixing the phase change material and the gel to form a combinedsystem, and applying the combined system to the upper surface of thebase layer to form a surface coating, the surface coating beingconfigured to allow an amount of air to flow through the base layer andthe surface coating and further configured to provide a cooling effect.In one embodiment, the step of applying the combined system comprisesspray applying the combined system. In another embodiment, the mixing ofthe phase change material and the gel is performed in situ.

Further features and advantages of the present embodiments will becomeevident to those of ordinary skill in the art after a study of thedescription, figures, and non-limiting examples in this document.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a side view of a support cushion in the form of a mattress andmade in accordance with the present embodiments;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an exemplary implementation of a method ofproducing a support cushion in accordance with the present embodiments;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a process for applyingone type of surface coating to a support cushion base layer;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an alternate embodiment of a process forapplying an alternate surface coating to a support cushion base layer

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

The details of one or more embodiments of the presently-disclosedsubject matter are set forth in this document. Modifications toembodiments described in this document, and other embodiments, will beevident to those of ordinary skill in the art after a study of theinformation provided in this document. The information provided in thisdocument, and particularly the specific details of the describedexemplary embodiments, is provided primarily for clearness ofunderstanding and no unnecessary limitations are to be understoodtherefrom. In case of conflict, the specification of this document,including definitions, will control.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinhave the same meaning as is commonly understood by one of skill in theart to which the embodiment(s) belong. All patents, patent applications,published applications and publications, databases, websites and otherpublished materials referred to throughout the entire disclosure herein,unless noted otherwise, are incorporated by reference in their entirety.In the event that there are a plurality of definitions for terms herein,those in this section prevail. Where reference is made to a URL or othersuch identifier or address, it understood that such identifiers canchange and particular information on the internet can come and go, butequivalent information can be found by searching the internet. Referencethereto evidences the availability and public dissemination of suchinformation.

Although any methods, devices, and materials similar or equivalent tothose described herein can be used in the practice or testing of thepresently-disclosed subject matter, representative methods, devices, andmaterials are now described.

Following long-standing patent law convention, the terms “a”, “an”, and“the” refer to “one or more” when used in this application, includingthe claims. Thus, for example, reference to “a layer” includes aplurality of such layers, and so forth.

Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities ofingredients, properties such as reaction conditions, and so forth usedin the specification and claims are to be understood as being modifiedin all instances by the term “about”. Accordingly, unless indicated tothe contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in this specificationand claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desiredproperties sought to be obtained by the presently-disclosed subjectmatter.

As used herein, the term “about,” when referring to a value or to anamount of mass, weight, time, volume, concentration or percentage ismeant to encompass variations of in some embodiments ±20%, in someembodiments ±10%, in some embodiments ±5%, in some embodiments ±1%, insome embodiments ±0.5%, and in some embodiments ±0.1% from the specifiedamount, as such variations are appropriate to perform the disclosedmethod.

As used herein, ranges can be expressed as from “about” one particularvalue, and/or to “about” another particular value. It is also understoodthat there are a number of values disclosed herein, and that each valueis also herein disclosed as “about” that particular value in addition tothe value itself. For example, if the value “10” is disclosed, then“about 10” is also disclosed. It is also understood that each unitbetween two particular units are also disclosed. For example, if 10 and15 are disclosed, then 11, 12, 13, and 14 are also disclosed.

The present embodiment includes cooling support cushions and methods ofproducing the same. In particular, the present embodiment includescooling support cushions and methods of producing the same that make useof a plurality of surface coatings to provide an extended coolingeffect.

Referring first to FIG. 1, in one exemplary embodiment, a supportcushion 10 in the form of a mattress and having a support surface 12 isprovided. The support cushion 10 includes a base layer 20 having a lowersurface 22 and an upper surface 24. The term base layer refers to alayer which defines a base or substrate upon which a surface coating maybe applied. The term may include a lower layer but is not limited to alower layer according to some interpretations of the term base. Forexample, the base layer 20 may be defined by a single foam layer, or amultiple layer laminate. Where multiple foam layers are utilized, thebase layer may be defined by an upper layer, lower layer, or anintermediate layer therebetween. The support cushion 10 also includes asurface coating 32 applied to the base layer 20 to provide a coolingeffect at the support surface 12 of the support cushion 10 and that isconfigured to allow air to flow through both the surface coating 32 andthe base layer 20.

The base layer 20 of the support cushion is generally comprised of aflexible foam that is capable of suitably distributing pressure from auser's body or portion thereof across the support cushion 10. Variousflexible foams can be used in this regard including, but not limited to,latex foam, reticulated or non-reticulated visco-elastic foam (sometimesreferred to as memory foam or low-resilience foam), reticulated ornon-reticulated non-visco-elastic foam, polyurethane high-resiliencefoam, expanded polymer foams (e.g., expanded ethylene vinyl acetate,polypropylene, polystyrene, or polyethylene), and the like, but in anycase, the flexible foam used in the base layer 20 of the support cushion10 is porous and typically allows an amount of air to flow through thebase layer of the support cushion 10. Moreover, although the base layer20 of the support cushion 10 shown in FIG. 1 is shown as being comprisedof a single layer of foam, it is further appreciated that a base layerof an exemplary support cushion of the present embodiments can becomprised of multiple layers of foam having varying or the samedensities or hardness values.

According to some embodiments, the base layer 20 may be made ofvisco-elastic foam, i.e., foam which is both viscous in order to conformunder pressure, and elastic in order to return to its uncompressedstate. Visco-elastic foam is sensitive to body heat such that thematerial conforms to the user's body, providing a more comfortable sleepsurface.

In some exemplary embodiments, the flexible foam comprising the baselayer 20 is comprised of a visco-elastic polyurethane foam having ahardness of at least about 10 N to no greater than about 80 N, asmeasured by exerting pressure from a plate against a sample of thematerial to a compression of at least 40% of an original thickness ofthe material at approximately room temperature (i.e., 21° C. to 23° C.),where the 40% compression is held for a set period of time asestablished by the International Organization of Standardization (ISO)2439 hardness measuring standard. In some embodiments, the visco-elasticfoam comprising the base layer 20 has a hardness of about 10 N, about 20N, about 30 N, about 40 N, about 50 N, about 60 N, about 70 N, or about80 N to provide a desired degree of comfort and body-conformingqualities.

The visco-elastic foam described herein for use in the base layer 20 ofthe support cushion 10 can also have a density that assists in providinga desired degree of comfort and body-conforming qualities, as well as anincreased degree of material durability. In some embodiments, thedensity of the visco-elastic foam used in the base layer 20 has adensity of no less than about 30 kg/m³ to no greater than about 150kg/m³. In some embodiments, the density of the visco-elastic foam usedin the base layer of the support cushion is about 30 kg/m³, about 40kg/m³, about 50 kg/m³, about 60 kg/m³, about 70 kg/m³, about 80 kg/m³,about 90 kg/m³, about 100 kg/m³, about 110 kg/m³, about 120 kg/m³, about130 kg/m³, about 140 kg/m³, or about 150 kg/m³. Of course, the selectionof a visco-elastic foam having a particular density will affect othercharacteristics of the foam, including its hardness, the manner in whichthe foam responds to pressure, and the overall feel of the foam, but itis appreciated that a visco-elastic foam having a desired density andhardness can readily be selected for an exemplary support cushion or fora particular application as desired.

Other foams may be used as well in some embodiments, for example, solidfoams, including closed cell and open cell (reticulated) structures,provide lightweight cellular engineering materials for weight bearingand distribution (pressure distribution) and energy absorption. Ingeneral, open-cell-structured foams have pores that are interconnectedin a network. The interstitial spaces of open-cell foams can be filledwith gas, liquid or solid material. The density of foam is determined inpart by both the amount of structural material which forms the cells,such as polyurethane, polyethylene or latex, and the volume or size ofthe cells.

Closed-cell foams generally do not have interconnected pores, generallyhave relatively higher compressive strength due to the closed cellbubble structures, and are relatively denser. The closed-cell structurefoams have higher dimensional stability, low moisture absorptioncoefficients, and higher strength compared to open-cell-structuredfoams. The closed cells can be filled with gases to provide improvedinsulation, or with other materials to alter the physical properties ofthe foam. All types of foam have been widely used as core material insandwich structure composite materials.

Still further, other types of foams may be used as well. In somenon-limiting examples, special classes of closed-cell foams known assyntactic foam may be used which contains hollow particles embedded in amatrix material. The particles can be made from several materials,including but not limited to, glass, ceramic, and polymers. Theadvantage of syntactic foams is that they have a very highstrength-to-weight ratio, making them ideal materials for manyapplications. One particular syntactic foam uses shape memory polymerwhich enables the foam to take on the characteristics of shape memoryresins and composite materials with hysteresis properties which enableit to be reshaped repeatedly when heated above a certain temperature andcooled.

Further, in some embodiments a multiple layer cushions may be formedwherein the base layer may be formed of two or more layers. Multiplelayer foam mattresses come in a variety of forms as to the type ofmaterial of each layer, the thickness of each layer and the density ofeach layer can be varied to provide a mattress with different supportcharacteristics. For non-limiting example, in some embodiments, thecushion may be formed of a top layer defined by open-cellednon-reticulated visco-elastic foam and the bottom layer may be areticulated non-visco-elastic foam. The top and bottom layers may alsobe referred to as comfort and support layers, respectively according tosome embodiments.

Still further, these comfort and support layers may each be defined byone or more layers. Further for example, each of the top and bottomlayers can be substantially flat bodies having substantially planar topand bottom surfaces. However, in other embodiments, one or more of thetop and bottom surfaces of either or both top and bottom layers can alsobe non-planar, including without limitation, surfaces having ribs,bumps, and other protrusions of any shape and size, surfaces havinggrooves, dimples, and other apertures that extend partially through,nearly completely or entirely through the respective layers and thelike. Also, depending at least in part upon the application of thecushion either or both of the top and bottom layers can have shapes thatare not flat. By way of example only, either or both layers can begenerally wedge-shaped, can have a concave or convex cross-sectionalshape, can have a combination of convex and concave shapes, can have astepped, faceted, or other shape, can have a complex or irregular shape,and/or can have any other shape desired. Such shapes may for example beassociated with various of the non-limiting types of cushions describedherein. Additionally, one skilled in the art should understand that abase layer 20 of a single foam layer may also have any of thesecharacteristics.

Further according to some embodiments, while some layers may be of thesame or similar type of foam, other embodiments may provide differenttype of foams to define the layers. For example, as mentioned previouslya top layer may be formed of non-reticulated visco-elastic foam, abottom layer may be formed of a reticulated foam, such as a reticulatednon-visco-elastic. The lower level may be less responsive or lesssensitive to temperature changes and when combined with a corrugatedsurface, may provide for some cooling airflow between an adjacentsurface of an adjacent layer.

Where multiple layers are being used, the layers may be joined in aplurality of ways. For example, the layers may be sprayed-on, injectionmolded, extruded, coextruded, laminated, and the like. In severalembodiments, layers may be stapled, tacked, welded, laminated,mechanically affixed via friction or interference fit, adhered via anadhesive, a glue, a cement, or other material with adhesive properties,stitched, affixed via hook and loop fastener, a zipper, a Dennison-styletag, snaps, and/or other reversible means, and combinations thereof. Forpurposes of present embodiments, various layers may be joined withadhesives including glues, cements and other materials with adhesiveproperties. Adhesives that may be used in the present disclosure includeany adherent materials or fasteners known in the art. Specific examplesof adhesives include, but are not limited to, hot melt, water-based, andpressure-sensitive adhesives, fire-resistant adhesives, and mixturesthereof. Further, a layer and/or an adhesive may further include asilica, a metallic layer, a plastic, such as an acrylic, a modacrylic, apolyolefin, a latex, a polyurethane, and combinations and/or blendsthereof. In addition, a layer may further include biocides,preservatives, odor blocking agents, scents, pigments, dyes, stainguards, antistatic agents, anti-soiling agents, water-proofing agents,moisture wicking agents, and the like, as are known in the art.

The base layer 20 or multiple layers defining the base layer 20, mayalso vary in thickness. The base layer 20 may also define a core whichmay be defined by any of the following non-limiting examples of foams agel infused foam, gel memory foam, a multi-gel foam, a high thermalconductivity foam. According any of these types may be used to definethe support foam, which may include the core, or may be used for thecomfort layer. The core may also include foams having springs therein(innercoil springs) or alternatively may have pocketed coils.

Still further, other materials may be used to define the base layerincluding but not limited to a gel pad, a woven layer, a nonwoven layer,a fire-resistant layer, a non-skid layer, and combinations thereof.Further it should be clear that since the base layer may be defined byvarious layers or combinations of layer, the base layer 20 may also bedefined by a topper material. Additionally, a cover material may be usedas an outermost surface material for the cushion. In such instance, andin accordance with these teachings, the outer cover may also include asurface coating.

Regardless of the particular foam type(s), number of layers, density,and hardness values of a base layer 20, in some embodiments, the surfacecoating 32 applied to the upper surface 24 of the base layer 20. Thesurface coating 32 is applied to the foam base layer 20 of the supportcushions to create cool feeling on the user's skin. The surface coatingmay be applied in a mixed form or may be applied in individual layers.The surface coating 32 may include two or more components if deliveredin a mixed form or two or more layers if applied individually. Thesurface coating 32 may be applied in various manners including but notlimited to roller, spray and the application may be applied asindividual layers or premixed before being applied, such as mixed beforepassing through an application nozzle. The surface coating 32 mayinclude a phase change material (PCM). IN some embodiments, the phasechange material is microencapsulated. In some further embodiments, themicroencapsulated material is introduced in a blend with othercomponents. For example, in one embodiment, the PCM utilized in thesurface coating 32 is in the form of a PCM slurry, or otherwise thoughtof as a PCM containing slurry or coating. The PCM slurry may include,for non-limiting example, about 20-70% microencapsulated PCM; about30-80% acrylic and/or other binder elements. Viscosity, defoaming,surface tension adjusting additives; antimicrobial additives; and wateras needed to adjust viscosity, solid level or other properties. Itshould be made clear that the microencapsulated PCM may be introduced inthe form of a dry solid, or a cake or concentrate with water remainingfrom the microencapsulation process. In some embodiments, the PCM slurryincludes the composition shown in Table A which provides enhancedadhesion of the PCM to the base layer 20, as compared to existingsurface coatings.

TABLE A Component Percentage EnFinit 28 CSSH-1 50 Water 5 Rovene 9798225 Rovene 9423 7.5 TufCor 3220 12.5 Total 100.0

In some embodiments, the PCM slurry includes the composition shown inTable B, which provides increased flexibility to the surface coating 32,as compared to existing surface coatings.

Component Percentage EnFinit 28 CSSH-1 54 Water 9.4 Rovene 97982 36.3Total 100.0

In the examples above, EnFinit 28 CSSH-1 is commercially available fromEncapsys, LLC of Appleton, Wis. and is a PCM concentrate containing 53%microencapsulated phase change material with a 28 degree C. melt point.Before being commercialized, this same product was known experimentallyas CP2005 Slurry. Rovene 97982 is an acrylic latex binder alsocommercially available from Mallard Creek Polymers of Charlotte, N.C.Rovene 9423 is a carboxylated styrene-butadiene latex binder provided byMallard Creek Polymers. TufCor 3220 is a vinyl acetate/ethylenecopolymer binder commercially available from Celanese of Dallas, Tex.

In some embodiments, the phase change material used in the supportcushions of the present embodiments undergoes its phase change at atemperature of about 20° C. to about 36° C. Of course, other phasechange materials can also be used in the surface coatings of the presentembodiments to provide an amount of cooling and can be configured toundergo a phase change at alternative temperature ranges depending onthe particular intended use of the support cushion. In some embodiments,however, to further improve the cooling effect, one or more of theplurality of surface coatings can also include additional additives thathave a higher thermal conductivity than the base layer 20.

Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the surface coating32 includes a gel. In one embodiment, the gel includes a urethane gel,such as, for example, a 2K urethane gel, wherein 2K should be understoodto be a two component mixture. In another embodiment, the 2K urethanegel includes the composition shown in Table C. In a further embodiment,the gel is provided as a liquid precursor including isocyanate and apolyol that are combined immediately before being applied and that cureupon application to the support cushion 10.

TABLE C Component LU1046 Polyol Side (10 min Gel Time) LP5613 MDI SideThe LU1046 and LP5613 are commercially available from Dow ChemicalCompany.

In some embodiments, the microencapsulated PCM may have a core that isdefined by a paraffin wax component which has a melting point in closeproximity to human skin temperature. The paraffin wax may be covered bya protective polymer.

As discovered by the instant inventors, the 2K urethane gel maysurprisingly be mixed with the PCM, including but not limited to PCMslurry, to form a combined system without excessive foaming and/or lossof properties. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the surface coating 32including the PCM and the gel may be applied to the upper surface 24 ofthe base layer 20 in a single step process. For example, in oneembodiment, a mixture of the PCM slurry and the gel is spray applied tothe upper surface 24, forming the surface coating 32 in a single step.In another embodiment, the gel is added in situ at a mix chamber of thespray device to form the combined PCM/gel system for application througha spray nozzle. In some embodiments, the individual components of PCMslurry and 2K gel may be applied as individual layers which will reactand polymerize upon being sprayed on the surface of base layer 20.

The PCM slurry and the gel may be mixed at any suitable concentration toprovide the desired coating properties. In some embodiments, the surfacecoating may be, by weight, about 10-40% Gel and about 60-90% PCM slurry(as applied). Another suitable system includes, by weight, 85% PCMslurry (Table A) with 15% of a 2K urethane gel (Table C) which ismetered premixed to the mix chamber as a combined system. However, aswill be understood by those skilled in the art, the particularcomponents included in the surface coating 32 as well as the particularratios of each component can vary depending on the desired properties ofthe resulting surface coating. Thus the system may include the PCMslurry in Table B as well. Furthermore, the surface coating can becomprised of a unique combination of components and/or ratios withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the present embodiments.

As mentioned above, the surface coating 32 is configured to allow air toflow through the surface coating 32 and the base layer 20 (asillustrated in FIG. 1). In this regard, when applying the surfacecoating 32 to the base layer 20, it is generally the case that the cellstructure of the base layer 20 will remain visible on the surface of thebase layer 20 (i.e., the surface coating will not completely cover thecell structure of the underlying foam), such that airflow through thebase layer 20 and through the surface coating 32 can be maintained inorder to maintain and/or improve heat transfer away from the uppersurface 24 of the base layer 20 and provide a cooling effect at thesupport surface 12 of the support cushion 10. Some level of porosity ismaintained.

For example, in some embodiments, the surface coating 32 is formed witha thickness of less than 5 mm. In other embodiments, the thickness ofthe surface coating 32 may be increased to provide higher thermaleffusivity of the support cushion, which, in turn, can provide for alonger lasting cooling effect in a variety of different types andconfigurations of support cushions. More specifically, increasing thethickness of the surface coating 32 increases the total amount of gel,which increases the thermal mass of the support cushion, and alsoincreases the total amount of PCM, both of which provide higher thermaleffusivity of the support cushion. Accordingly, in some embodiments, theapplication of phase change material can be increased from about 20 toabout 200 grams/square foot, and the thermal mass can also be increasedby increasing the amount of the reactive gel layer (which is typicallyin the range of 20 to 80 grams/square foot). Both increases provide ahigher thermal effusivity which allows for a cooler feeling longer atthe point of contact between the user and the various support cushions.

With respect to the support cushions of the present embodiments, it iscontemplated that the support cushions described above can be in theform of pillows, mattresses, seat cushions, seat backs, neck pillows,leg spacer pillows, mattress toppers, overlays, and the like. As such,the phrase “support cushion” is used herein to refer to any and all suchobjects having any size and shape, and that are capable of or aregenerally used to support the body of a user or a portion thereof.

Regardless of the particular form of the support cushion of the presentembodiments, each of the exemplary support cushions described herein canalso be produced by an exemplary implementation of a method forproducing a support cushion in accordance with the present embodiments.Referring now to FIG. 2, in one exemplary implementation of a method forproducing a support cushion, like the support cushion 10 describedabove, a base layer of foam is first provided, as indicated by step 102.As described above, the base layer typically has a lower surface and anupper surface and is comprised of a material that is porous and allowsair to flow through the base layer.

Referring still to FIG. 2, upon providing the base layer, a surfacecoating is then applied to the upper surface of the base layer, asindicated by step 108. Prior to applying the surface coating, a PCMslurry and a gel are provided, as indicated in step 104, then mixed insitu to form a liquid precursor of the surface coating, as indicated instep 106.

After dispensing the liquid including the amount of phase changematerial onto the upper surface of the base layer, an air knife may beapplied to the coating. As would be recognized by one skilled in theart, an air knife provides a laminar flow of pressurized air that isdrawn across the coating to remove excess material. In at least someembodiments, instead of or in addition to removing excess precursor, theair knife can also be used to drive at least a portion of the liquidprecursor into the base layer itself. Additionally or alternatively, thematerial may be mechanically pressed into the surface after spraydeposition to allow for higher loading. Furthermore, in certainembodiments, if the substrate is a molded item, the material can bescuffed either across the entire application surface or in zones thatallow for different adsorption of the material. Of course, in someimplementations, the liquid precursor can also be dispensed in such away that the air knife is not necessary at all.

As noted previously, it is also within the scope of the presentembodiments that the surface coating 32 may be defined by two or moredifferent layers. With reference to FIG. 3, in some embodiments, a foambase layer 20 may be sprayed with a premixed surface coating 32 or maybe sprayed as individual components of the surface coating 32 whereinthe spray nozzles may all be directed to a single location, or where thenozzles are directed to distinct locations for forming layers. Likewise,and for non-limiting example, these may also be applied with a rollerfor example.

In either manner of application, the surface coating may be applied as afirst PCM layer (for nonlimiting example PCM slurry) on the base layer20. Next, the reactive gel may be applied adjacent to the first PCMlayer. In this embodiment, there may be two individual layers applied tothe base layer 20 and the PCM and reactive gel layers. Further, a niproller or other device may be provided to force or drive the PCM slurryand reactive gel into the base layer 20.

In further embodiments, and with reference to FIG. 4, a furtherembodiment is provided wherein a three layer arrangement is provided. Inthis embodiment, the first PCM layer may be applied to the base layer20. Next, a second layer comprising the reactive gel layer is applied aswith the embodiment of FIG. 3. Further still however, an additionallayer of PCM (for non-limiting example PCM slurry) may be applied on thegel reactive layer. The second PCM layer (uppermost layer of the surfacecoating) may be the same amount as the lower layer beneath the reactivegel, or may be a different amount. For example an upper most layer ofthe PCM slurry while the lower layer immediately beneath, may have adifferent amount, in order to aid in heat removal from the user.Additionally, it should be understood that the nozzles may be directedto separate locations or may be aimed to a single location as depicted,in either of the 2 layer or 3 layer embodiments, where the PCM slurryand reactive gel are not premixed. Further, there may be furtherembodiments where additional layers are provided.

Still further, it should be understood as well that where multiplelayers of foam are sued to define the base layer 20, the differentlayers of the foam may also have the surface coatings 32 in any of theconfigurations and applied in any of the manners discussed herein.Additionally, or alternatively, the layer below the uppermost layer offoam, or subsequent layers beneath, may also utilized convolute foam,which may have a non-planar surface to increase airflow in the area ofthe planar foam above and therefore also aid to remove heat and increasethe functionality of the surface coating.

EXAMPLES

It should be understood that various examples may be provided asillustrative and non-limiting. In some embodiments, for example, the PCMslurry may have multiple formulas and configurations. The followingpercentages are by weight.

Component Formula 1 Formula 2 Formula 3 EnFinit 28 CSSH-1 80-95% 45-55%50-60% Water  5-20% 1-9%  6-12% Rovene 97982 20-30% 30-40% Rovene 94235-9% TufCor 3220 10-15% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%In these embodiments, the various components and ranges may be providedall of which may provide a suitable PCM slurry. The Rovene products arecommercially available from Mallard Creek Polymers of Charlotte, N.C.Additives may also be utilized as need to modify rheology, surfacetension, enhance microbial resistance, or achieve another propertyadjustment.

An additional example of a suitable two component (2K) reactive gel isalso provided. The gel may comprise the following percentages ofcomponents, by weight.

Component LU1046 Polyol Side (10 min Gel Time) 50-80% LP5613 MDI Side20-50% Total 100%The LU1046 and LP5613 are commercially available from Dow ChemicalCompany.

Further examples are provided, one for each of the one layer applicationand the three layer application.

EXAMPLES OF ONE LAYER APPLICATION % by weight LU1046 Polyol Side (10 minGel 7.5-20%  7.5-20%  7.5-20%  Time) LP5613 MDI Side  3-20%  3-20% 3-20% PCM Slurry - Formula 1 60-90% PCM Slurry - Formula 2 60-90% PCMSlurry - Formula 3 60-90%

In a further embodiment for a three layer application, any of thefollowing embodiments may be utilized.

EXAMPLES OF THREE LAYER APPLICATION % by weight LAYER 1 PCM Slurry -0-80% FORMULA 1 PCM Slurry - 0-80% FORMULA 2 PCM Slurry - 0-80% FORMULA3 LAYER 2 LAYER 2 - 2K Gel 20-60%  20-60%  20-60%  LAYER 3 PCM Slurry -0-40% FORMULA 1 PCM Slurry - 0-40% FORMULA 2 PCM Slurry - 0-40% FORMULA3

In this embodiment, the amounts pertain to an amount for each of thethree layers defining the surface coating. In some embodiments, forexample, the first layer of PCM slurry may be about 45-50%, the 2Kreactive gel may be between about 25-30% and the third layer of PCMslurry may be between about 20-27%.

One of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that additionalembodiments are also possible without departing from the teachings ofthe present embodiments or the scope of the claims which follow. Thisdetailed description, and particularly the specific details of theexemplary embodiments disclosed herein, is given primarily for clarityof understanding, and no unnecessary limitations are to be understoodtherefrom, for modifications will become apparent to those skilled inthe art upon reading this disclosure and may be made without departingfrom the spirit or scope of the claims.

1. A support cushion, comprising: a base layer having a lower surfaceand an upper surface; and a surface coating positioned atop the uppersurface of the base layer, the surface coating including a phase changematerial and a polyurethane gel; wherein the surface coating isconfigured to allow an amount of air to flow through the base layer andthe surface coating; and wherein the surface coating is furtherconfigured to provide a cooling effect.
 2. The support cushion of claim1, wherein the base layer is a flexible foam.
 3. The support cushion ofclaim 1, wherein the surface coating comprises, by weight, 80-90% phasechange material and 10-20% gel.
 4. The support cushion of claim 1,wherein the phase change material includes the composition shown inTable B.
 5. The support cushion of claim 1, wherein the phase changematerial includes the composition shown in Table C.
 6. The supportcushion of claim 1, wherein the gel is a 2K polyurethane gel.
 7. Thesupport cushion of claim 6, wherein the 2K polyurethane gel includes thecomposition shown in Table C.
 8. The support cushion of claim 1, whereinthe surface coating has a thickness of less than about 5 mm.
 9. Thesupport cushion of claim 1, wherein the phase change material isconfigured to undergo a phase change at a temperature of about 20° C. toabout 36° C.
 10. The support cushion of claim 1, wherein said surfacecoating is defined by a plurality of layers.
 11. The support cushion ofclaim 10 wherein said plurality of layers is formed of two layers. 12.The support cushion of claim 11 wherein said plurality of layers isformed of three or more layers.
 13. A method of producing a supportcushion, comprising the steps of: providing a base layer having a lowersurface and an upper surface; providing a phase change material and apolyurethane gel; mixing the phase change material and the gel to form acombined system; and applying the combined system to the upper surfaceof the base layer to form a surface coating, the surface coating beingconfigured to allow an amount of air to flow through the base layer andthe surface coating and further configured to provide a cooling effect.14. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of applying the combinedsystem comprises spray applying the combined system.
 15. The method ofclaim 13, wherein the mixing of the phase change material and thepolyurethane gel is performed in situ.